The ZZ plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia) is loved for its resilience and ability to thrive with minimal care. However, if you’ve noticed that your ZZ plant isn’t growing, you might be wondering what’s wrong. While these plants are slow growers, long periods of inactivity could indicate an underlying issue.
In this article, we’ll explore six common reasons why your ZZ plant might not be growing and, more importantly, how to fix them.
1. Insufficient Light
Why Does Light Matter?
ZZ plants are tolerant of low light, but they still need some brightness to grow. If your plant is in a very dim area, its growth will slow down significantly.
How to Fix It
- Place your ZZ plant in bright, indirect light for the best results.
- If natural light is limited, consider using a grow light to supplement it.
- Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves.
2. Overwatering or Underwatering
Watering Problems and Growth
ZZ plants store water in their rhizomes, meaning they can survive droughts. However, too much or too little water can stunt growth.
How to Fix It
- Check the soil moisture before watering. Stick your finger about an inch into the soil—if it’s dry, it’s time to water.
- Water your ZZ plant only when the soil is completely dry.
- Ensure the pot has drainage holes to prevent water buildup.
- If the leaves turn yellow, reduce watering. If they are dry and crispy, increase watering.
3. Poor Soil Quality
Does Soil Affect Growth?
ZZ plants need well-draining soil to thrive. If the soil is too compact or retains excess moisture, it can suffocate the roots and slow growth.
How to Fix It
- Use a well-draining potting mix, such as one formulated for succulents or cacti.
- Add perlite or sand to improve drainage.
- Avoid heavy or clay-based soil that retains too much water.
4. Lack of Nutrients
Nutrient Deficiency and Stunted Growth
If your ZZ plant isn’t getting the necessary nutrients, its growth can be sluggish. Even though they are low-maintenance, they still benefit from occasional feeding.
How to Fix It
- Feed your ZZ plant with a balanced liquid fertilizer once every 2-3 months during the growing season (spring and summer).
- Avoid over-fertilizing, as too much can burn the roots and hinder growth.
- If your plant hasn’t been fertilized in a long time, try a diluted houseplant fertilizer.
5. Incorrect Temperature and Humidity
How Does Temperature Affect Growth?
ZZ plants prefer stable conditions. Extreme temperatures, whether too hot or too cold, can slow down their growth.
How to Fix It
- Keep your ZZ plant in temperatures between 65°F and 80°F (18°C – 27°C).
- Avoid placing it near heaters, air conditioners, or cold drafts.
- If your home is very dry, consider using a humidifier to maintain adequate moisture levels.
6. Root Bound Issues
Does Being Root-Bound Stop Growth?
When a ZZ plant outgrows its pot, its roots become compacted, leaving no room for expansion. This can slow down or even halt growth.
How to Fix It
- Check if the roots are coming out of the drainage holes—this is a sign it needs repotting.
- Repot your ZZ plant into a slightly larger pot (1-2 inches bigger in diameter) with fresh soil.
- Avoid repotting too often, as ZZ plants enjoy being slightly root-bound.
7. Pest Infestation
Can Pests Affect ZZ Plant Growth?
Pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids can weaken your ZZ plant by sucking its sap, leading to slow or stunted growth.
How to Fix It
- Inspect your plant for tiny bugs, webbing, or sticky residue on the leaves.
- Wipe the leaves with a damp cloth to remove pests.
- Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to eliminate infestations.
- Isolate the plant if pests are present to prevent spreading.
8. Dormancy Period
Is Your ZZ Plant Just Resting?
ZZ plants naturally slow down growth during fall and winter. If your plant is healthy but not growing, it could simply be in its dormant phase.
How to Fix It
- Be patient—growth will resume in spring and summer.
- Reduce watering during colder months.
- Avoid fertilizing in winter since the plant isn’t actively growing.